History Of Alexandria
Is the name of the city of Alexandria to the founder Macedonian leader Alexander the Great, which was submitted to Egypt in s 332. M, which was received by the sons of Egypt very welcome in the hope of salvation from Persian rule arbitrary, and so large that it confirms Alexander came to Egypt friend and ally and not invasive colonial went to visit Temple god Amon, a bulk Egypt at that time went to the temple in the oasis of Siwa, and in the way over the village of fishermen were called Racodh, warns the place and decided to build a city bearing his name is the city of Alexandria and the construction Eng "Dinoaqratis", which has built on the pattern of Greek cities , and coordinated so lying directly above the street on the streets horizontal vertical
The Alexander the cornerstone of Alexandria in the fifth century of the month of the year 331 s landing.
Alexandria has gone through several different eras: the age Potolemaic, Roman times, the Byzantine era, the Islamic era, and finally the modern era, rich in Alexandria much of the effects of various ages, which has passed it.
Soon after hearing acquired Alexandria become a politically and culturally and economically, especially when it was the capital of a dream in Egypt, and the city building days of Alexander the Great as an extension of the residential cities PHARAONIC existed at the time and to hearing religious and cultural, and commercial. And the beginning of construction of the cities of Herakleion Kdahih and Kanobs and Mntos. Alexander and Alexandria were in the beginning of the military character of the city Jund Greeks then became days Great Greeks to the city ownership Leela and white marble columns and widening streets and was overlooking the sea, south-east of the eastern port was known compared with the large port and between the port of Heraklion When authority to mouth one of the tributaries of the Nile, which ceased to exist and now receded into the mouth of the Nile at a distance of 20 kilometres from the authority when Rasheed.
And the new city has gained fame from this ancient university and scientific strength "Museum" and its library, which is the first research institute in the real history and Mnartha which has become one of the seven wonders of the world in the ancient world. Alexandria has taken scientists in the identification of the nature and the universe came to understand a lot of natural forces. And studied physics and astronomy, geography, mathematics, engineering and natural history, medicine, philosophy and literature. And among those Alasatin Euclid world engineering student at the hands greatest athletes such as solar and Apulonios and music in medical science, and the autopsy Arasistratos in science and Galen surgery in pharmacy and Arestakos in astronomy and Eratosthenes in science and geography Theofrastos in Botany, Triangle and Theokritus in poetry and literature, cartoons and Plato in philosophy and dozens of others favored the old world of human thought.
The researchers found, on the effects of ancient Alexandria in Abu Qir under water on the ruins 2500 years old drowns cities PHARAONIC - Greek. And did not know until now only through the receipt with Narrated historians travelers, the myth and ancient Greek Epics. And the cities of Heraklion and Mentes old near the ancient city of Alexandria and is currently at a depth of 8 meters Abu Qir Bay. And the port of Heraklion commercially overlooking the mouth of the Nile Branch was known branch KANUPP. The city Mentes the religious holy city where he was held by the cult of Isis and Serapis. Grgueta and towns in the waters of the Mediterranean Sea at a depth of the result of earthquakes or flooding Nile .. The Alexandria, the capital of Egypt at the age of the Greeks and Romans, Byzantines income until the Arabs in 642 m and moved them to the capital city of Fustat, which was established by Amr ibn Al-Aas in 21 e -641 m.
At the beginning of the fourth century BC, there was nothing but white sand and Sea Island and widely extended to the main coast called "Varos, the old port .. and the main beach a small village called" Racotiis "surrounded by small villages spread well as other between the sea and Lake Maruit, by archaeologists say they may have been considered a strategic location for the expulsion of nations that might be assaulted from time to time on the West Nile Valley or perhaps "Racotiis" just a small village depends on fishing not only ..
When Alexander led the armies after the death of his father in 336 BC and is still twenty years old, the march of Asia Minor and then opens the Levant and Palestine until it arrived in Egypt after overwhelming defeats of betting .. And in Egypt (in 332 BC) was received by the Egyptians welcome because of the cruelty of which were treated under occupation and the Persian .. after he visited the city of executing (now South Giza) was his coronation as King of Egypt, he visited the Temple of Amon Siwa Oasis, where priests conducted rituals Adoption of the son of Alexander the Amon .. On his way to Siwa, enjoy that land extending between the Mediterranean Sea and Lake Maruit and extended to the island shore ordered the construction of the city there to be a link between Egypt and Greece .. And after a few months, leaving Alexander Egypt heading east to complement the rest of Pub .. Opening Persia (Iran) to read Alexander is the Governor of each Persian Empire, where is the undisputed title of "Mr. Asia," but ambitious young king, but did not stop until the army marched to India and Central Asia .. And while the Alexander when the Persian Gulf region (Arab) stunned the disease, which did not last long as imminent death after ten days, which did not exceed the age of 33 will be transferred to Egypt for the body to be buried in Alexandria and not to enlarge it will be lucky again.
